Name synopsis description api overview. Download the free trial version below to get started. Doubleclick the downloaded file to install the software. GNU GRUB Manual 2. GNU GRUB Manual 2. Table of Contents. GNU GRUB manual. This is the documentation of GNU GRUB, the GRand Unified Bootloader. This edition documents version 2. This manual is for GNU GRUB version 2. April 2. 01. 7. Copyright 1. Free Software Foundation, Inc. Install Windows 98 On Qemu Mac InstallationsPermission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document. GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. Free Software Foundation with no. Invariant Sections. A popular multifunction virtualizer for Windows and Linux. Introduction to GRUB1. Overview. Briefly, a boot loader is the first software program that runs when. It is responsible for loading and transferring. Linux or. GNU Mach. The kernel, in turn, initializes the rest of the operating. GNU system. GNU GRUB is a very powerful boot loader, which can load a wide variety. Install Windows 98 On Qemu Mac Install DiskMultiplatform Windows, Mac OSX and Linux both x86 and x64 are supported, and DBGL should be easily portable to other systems. Multilanguage support Currently. Developers of SoftMac and FUSION, emulators of 68xxxbased Macintosh computers. Nessus Plugins Windows. Microsoft Project Installed credentialed check Symantec Endpoint Protection Client 12. RU6 MP9 14. 0. x. RU1 Multiple. GRUB is designed to. One of the important features in GRUB is flexibility GRUB understands. Thus you can load the kernel. When booting with GRUB, you can use either a command line interface. Command line interface, or a menu interface see Menu interface. Using the command line interface, you type the drive. In the menu. interface, you just select an OS using the arrow keys. The menu is. based on a configuration file which you prepare beforehand. Configuration. While in the menu, you can switch to the. You can even edit menu entries. In the following chapters, you will learn how to specify a drive, a. Naming convention to GRUB, how to. GRUB on your drive see Installation, and how to boot your. OSes see Booting, step by step. History of GRUBGRUB originated in 1. Erich Boleyn was trying to boot the GNU. Hurd with the University of Utahs Mach 4 microkernel now known as GNU. Mach. Erich and Brian Ford designed the Multiboot Specification. Motivation in The Multiboot. Specification, because they were determined not to add to the large. PC boot methods. Erich then began modifying the Free. BSD boot loader so that it would. Multiboot. He soon realized that it would be a lot easier. Free. BSD boot loader, and so GRUB was born. Erich added many features to GRUB, but other priorities prevented him. In. 1. 99. 9, Gordon Matzigkeit and Yoshinori K. Okuji adopted GRUB as an. GNU package, and opened its development by making the latest. CVS. See Obtaining and Building GRUB, for more information. Over the next few years, GRUB was extended to meet many needs, but it. Around 2. 00. 2. Yoshinori K. Okuji started work on PUPA Preliminary Universal Programming. Architecture for GNU GRUB, aiming to rewrite the core of GRUB to make it. PUPA was eventually renamed. GRUB 2, and the original version of GRUB was renamed to GRUB Legacy. Small amounts of maintenance continued to be done on GRUB Legacy, but the. By around 2. 00. 7, GNULinux distributions started to use GRUB 2 to limited. Differences from previous versions. GRUB 2 is a rewrite of GRUB see History, although it shares many. GRUB Legacy. Users. GRUB Legacy may need some guidance to find their way around this new. The configuration file has a new name grub. Configuration and. Commands. Configuration cannot be copied over. GRUB Legacy users should not find the syntax too. Simple configuration. This makes it. easier to handle versioned kernel upgrades. Partition numbers in GRUB device names now start at 1, not 0 see Naming convention. The configuration file is now written in something closer to a full. A small amount of persistent storage is available across reboots, using the. GRUB and the. grub editenv utility. This is not available in all configurations. Environment block. GRUB 2 has more reliable ways to find its own files and those of target. Universally Unique Identifiers UUIDs. GRUB 2 is available for several other types of system in addition to the PC. BIOS systems supported by GRUB Legacy PC EFI, PC coreboot, Power. PC, SPARC. and MIPS Lemote Yeeloong are all supported. Many more file systems are supported, including but not limited to ext. HFS, and NTFS. GRUB 2 can read files directly from LVM and RAID devices. A graphical terminal and a graphical menu system are available. GRUB 2s interface can be translated, including menu entry names. The image files see Images that make up GRUB have been reorganised. Stage 1, Stage 1. Stage 2 are no more. GRUB 2 puts many facilities in dynamically loaded modules, allowing the core. GRUB features. The primary requirement for GRUB is that it be compliant with the. Multiboot Specification, which is described in Motivation in The Multiboot Specification. The other goals, listed in approximate order of importance, are. Basic functions must be straightforward for end users. Rich functionality to support kernel experts and designers. Backward compatibility for booting Free. BSD, Net. BSD, Open. BSD, and. Linux. Proprietary kernels such as DOS, Windows NT, and OS2 are. Except for specific compatibility modes chain loading and the Linux. Multiboot Specification. Only kernels loaded at 1 megabyte. Any attempt to load below that. In addition to the requirements above, GRUB has the following features. Multiboot Specification doesnt require all the features. GRUB supports. Recognize multiple executable formats. Support many of the a. ELF. Symbol. tables are also loaded. Support non Multiboot kernels. Support many of the various free 3. Multiboot. compliance primarily Free. BSD, Net. BSD2. Open. BSD, and Linux. Chain loading of other boot loaders is also. Load multiples modules. Fully support the Multiboot feature of loading multiple modules. Load a configuration file. Support a human readable text configuration file with preset boot. You can also load another configuration file dynamically and. GRUB image file. The list of. Commands are a superset of those supported on the. An example configuration file is provided in. Provide a menu interface. A menu interface listing preset boot commands, with a programmable. There is no fixed limit on the number of boot. Have a flexible command line interface. A fairly flexible command line interface, accessible from the menu. If no configuration file is present, GRUB drops to. The list of commands see Commands are a subset of those supported. Editing commands closely resembles the Bash. Command Line Editing in Bash Features, with TAB completion of commands. Support multiple filesystem types. Support multiple filesystem types transparently, plus a useful explicit. The currently supported filesystem types are Amiga. Fast File. System AFFS, Athe. OS fs, Be. FS. Btr. FS including raid. Linux ext. 2ext. DOS FAT1. FAT1. FAT3. 2, ex. FAT, HFS. HFS, ISO9. Joliet, Rock ridge and multi chunk files. JFS, Minix fs versions 1, 2 and 3, nilfs. NTFS including compression, Reiser. FS, ROMFS. Amiga Smart File. System SFS, Squash. UDF. BSD UFSUFS2, XFS, and ZFS including lzjb, g AES CCM and AES GCM. See Filesystem, for more information. Support automatic decompression. Can decompress files which were compressed by gzip or. This function is both automatic and transparent to the user. This greatly reduces a file size and loading time, a. It is conceivable that some kernel modules should be loaded in a. Access data on any installed device. Support reading data from any or all floppies or hard disks recognized. BIOS, independent of the setting of the root device. Be independent of drive geometry translations. Unlike many other boot loaders, GRUB makes the particular drive. A drive installed and running with one. GRUBs configuration. Detect all installed RAMGRUB can generally find all the installed RAM on a PC compatible. List of computer system emulators. This article lists software and hardware that emulates computing platforms. The host in this article is the system running the emulator, and the guest is the system being emulated. The list is organized by guest operating system the system being emulated, grouped by bitness. Each section contains a list of emulators capable of emulating the specified guest, details of the range of guest systems able to be emulated, and the required host environment and licensing. Emulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. Charon AXP4. November 3. 0, 2. Alpha. Server 4. 10. DS1. 0, DS2. 0, ES4. GS8. 0, GS1. 60, GS3. Windows, Linux. Commercial. Charon AXPSMA,Station. November 2. 0, 2. Alpha. Server 3. 00, 8. DS1. 0, DS2. 0, DS2. ES4. 0, ES4. 5, 8. Alpha. Station 2. DPW, XP1. 00. 0, XP9. DMCC, DEC3. 00. 0Windows. Commercial. ES4. 0 Emulator. March 1. 4, 2. 00. Alpha. Server ES4. Cross platform. GPLPersonal. Alpha. 2. 0. 1. 70. March 1, 2. 00. 8Alpha. Server. Windows. Freewarevt. Alpha. 3. 0. 0. 00. February 1. 0, 2. Alpha. Server All models. Alpha. Station All models. Bare Metal installation, no host OS required. Any x. 86 6. 4 host computer or Virtual Machine equivalent VMware, Xen, Hyper V, KVM, Virtual. Box. Commercial. Free. AXP2. 6. 4. Alpha. Server 4. 00. Windows. Freeware. Avanti. Alpha. Server 4. 00. Windows. Commercial. Alpha. VM1. 4. 1. March 1. 4, 2. 01. Alpha. Server DS1. DS2. 0, ES4. 0, and Alpha. Station XP9. 00, XP1. Windows and Linux. Commercial and Freeware. Emulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. Charon SSPE4. April 1. 5, 2. 01. Sun Enterprise 4. Linux. Commercial. Emulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. Bochs. 2. April 9, 2. 01. 7x. PC, x. 86 6. 4 PCCross platform. Open source. QEMU2. August 3. 0, 2. 01. PC, various platforms. Cross platform. GPLQ0. February 1. 6, 2. PC, various platforms. Emule Island French. OS XOpen source. SPCAT0. March 1. 0, 2. 01. PC, various platforms. Windows 6. 4 bit, Android Linux ARMOpen source. Sim. Now. 4. 6. 2. April 6, 2. 01. 0AMD K8 Athlon 6. Opteron PCWindows 6. Download Hospital Guest Relations Program there. Linux 6. 4 bit. Freeware and Proprietary. Emulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. SIMH3. 9 0. May 3, 2. 01. 2Various very old computers. Cross platform. Open sourcets. October 4, 2. 00. DEC PDP 1. 0, DEC PDP 1. DEC VAXUnix, Linux. GPLKLH1. 02. 0a. 00. November 1. 9, 2. DEC PDP 1. 0Unix, Linux. Open sourcekx. 10. June 3. 0, 2. 00. DEC PDP 1. 0Unix, Linux. GPLEmulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. Multics Emulator. Honeywell 6. 18. 0Open sourceh. Honeywell 6. 18. 0Open sourcedps. DPS 8MOpen source. While the ARM processor in the Acorn Archimedes is a 3. ARMArchimedes emulator, such as Aemulor or others below, necessary for 2. ARM processors have mostly have dropped it. Emulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. A3. 10. Emu. April 1. 3, 2. 00. Acorn Archimedes. RISC OSFreeware. Aemulor. Acorn Archimedes. RISC OSProprietary. Acorn Pattenden 0. November 1. 6, 1. Acorn Archimedes. Windows. Freeware. Arc. Em. 1. 5. 0. April 1. 6, 2. 01. Acorn Archimedes. Cross platform. GPLv. Archie. 0. 9. 00. February 1. 0, 2. Acorn Archimedes. Windows. Freeware. Archi. Emu. 0. 0. March 6, 2. 01. 0Acorn Archimedes. RISC OSFreeware. Arculator. August 1. 5, 2. 00. Acorn Archimedes. Windows. Freeware. ARM 2 0. 00. 00. October 6, 1. Acorn Archimedes. Windows. Freeware. Arthur OS Emulator 0. Acorn Archimedes. Windows. Freeware. Red Squirrel. 0. 6. October 2. 8, 2. 00. Acorn Archimedes. Windows. Freeware. Riscose. 00. 00. 00. February 3, 2. 00. Acorn Archimedes. Windows. GPLRPCEmu. October 2. 6, 2. 01. Acorn A7. 00. 0, Risc PC, Phoebe. Cross platform. GPLv. Virtual A5. 00. 01. February 1. 8, 2. Acorn Archimedes. Windows. Commercial. Virtual. RPC 0. 00. Risc PCCross platform. Commercial. Emulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. E UAE0. March 2. Amiga. Unix, OS X, Be. OSGPLFellow. 0. 5. March 1. 1, 2. 01. Amiga. Windows. GPLFS UAE2. January 8, 2. 01. Amiga. Windows, OS X, Linux, Free. BSDGPLMAME formerly MESS0. September 2. 7, 2. Various computers, consoles, and arcade systems. Cross platform. New BSD, GPLv. My. UAE0. 9. 10. 00. August 2. 4, 2. 00. Amiga. Palm OSGPLPalm. UAE1. 0. 00. 00. 00. September 1. 2, 2. Amiga. Palm OSGPLPocket. UAE2. 00. 60. 12. January 2. 1, 2. 00. Amiga. Pocket PCGPLUAE0. UAE v. 0. 8. 2. 9 2. FS UAE v. 2. 6. 2 2. E UAE v. 0. 8. 2. Amiga. Unix, Be. OS, Ne. XTSTEPGPLUAE4. Allrc. November 3, 2. 00. Amiga. Windows, Linux, Dreamcast, Dingoo. GPLWin. UAE3. 5. 0. June 1. 5, 2. 01. Amiga. Windows. GPLEmulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. MAME formerly MESS0. September 2. 7, 2. Various computers, consoles, and arcade systems. Cross platform. New BSD, GPLv. Mini v. Mac. 3. 5. August 1. 3, 2. 01. Macintosh Plus and other early Macintosh computers. Windows, Linux, OS XGPLPCEmacplus. February 8, 2. 01. Macintosh 1. 28k, Macintosh 5. Macintosh 5. 12. Ke, Macintosh Plus, Macintosh SE, Macintosh Classic. Windows. GPLv. 2Executor. July 9, 2. 00. 9Apple Macintosh. Windows, Linux. MIT Licensev. Mac. 0. 1. 9. 6. 00. Macintosh Plus. Cross platform. Open source. A Max. Macintosh 1. 28k, Macintosh 5. Macintosh 5. 12. Ke. Macintosh Plus, Macintosh II, Macintosh Quadra. Amiga. Freeware. Basilisk II0. May 3. 1, 2. 00. 1Macintosh Classic, Macintosh IICross platform. GPLSoft. Mac XP8. Apple Macintosh. Windows. Fusion. 3. 0. 00. Apple Macintosh. DOSFreeware. Shoebill. 0. 0. 5. September 1. 5, 2. Macintosh IIOSXBSDEmulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. STEEm. 3. October 2. 2, 2. 00. Atari STSTEWindows, Linux. Open Source. Sain. T2. 4. 00. 00. 00. December 1. 2, 2. Atari STSTEWindows. Freeware. Gemulator. November 3. 0, 2. Atari STWindows. Commercial freeHatari. November 3, 2. 01. Atari STSTE, Atari TT, Atari Falcon. Cross platform. GPLPacifi. ST0. 4. 9b. 00. 00. October 1. 8, 2. 00. Atari STDOS, Windows. Giftware. STon. X0. August 1. 5, 2. 00. Atari STUnix, DOS, Windows. GPLWin. STon. 0. 1r. August 1. 6, 1. 99. Atari STWindows. Freeware. ARAny. M1. 0. 2. 00. October 1. 7, 2. 01. Atari ST, Atari TT, Atari Falcon. Cross platform. GPLMAME formerly MESS0. September 2. 7, 2. Various computers, consoles, and arcade systems. Cross platform. New BSD, GPLv. Esty. Jsna. 00. 00. Atari STCross platform. Open Source. PCEatarist. February 8, 2. 01. Atari ST, Mega STWindows. GPLSTEEm SSE Steven Seagal Edition3. September 3. 0, 2. Atari STSTEWindows, Linux. GPLCorel Net. WindereditEmulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. GXemul. 0. August 1. 7, 2. 01. Net. Winder ARMCross platform. Open source. Emulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. SIMH3. 9 0. May 3, 2. 01. 2Various very old computers including DEC VAX 1. Cross platform. Open source. Charon VAX4. 0. 00. December 2. 8, 2. DEC VAXWindows. Commerciale. VAX1. 1. 00. 00. 00. January 2. 8, 2. 00. DEC VAXCross platform. GPLvt. VAX2. 1. 1. July 1. 3, 2. 01. DEC VAXX8. 6 Bare Metal no OS required and Windows. Commercial. Emulator. Latest version. Released. Guest emulation capabilities. Host Operating System. License. GXemul. 0. August 1. 7, 2. 01. Motorola MVME1. 87. Cross platform. Open source.